2020年5月28日星期四

MySQL所有的安装部署方式

MySQL所有的安装部署方式


介绍MySQL所有的安装部署方式

目录

  • 一.前言
  • 二.关于MySQL的安装
  • 三.部署规划
    • 3.1 服务器规划
    • 3.2 数据库目录规划
  • 四.准备工具
  • 五.通用二进制包安装MySQL
    • 5.1 上传MySQL通用二进制安装包到node7的/usr/local/src目录下
    • 5.2 解压MySQL到指定目录并改名
    • 5.3 创建MySQL用户和用户组
    • 5.4 配置MySQL的bin目录到PATH路径
    • 5.5 创建MySQL数据存放目录
    • 5.6 配置MySQL配置文件
    • 5.7 初始化MySQL数据库
    • 5.8 生成ssl（可选）
    • 5.9 配置MySQL启动项并设置开机自启动
      • 5.9.1 centos6版本
      • 5.9.2 centos7版本
    • 5.10 启动MySQL
    • 5.11 进行MySQL安全初始化(可选)
    • 5.12 修改密码，给用户赋权限（根据自己情况赋权限）
    • 5.13 导入时区信息到MySQL库
    • 5.14 查看MySQL版本信息
    • 5.15 如果防火墙开着，则需要开放3306端口
    • 5.16 利用logrotate对MySQL日志进行轮转(日志自动备份切割)
  • 六.使用RPM包安装MySQL
    • 6.1 上传MySQL的RPM包到/usr/local/src目录下
    • 6.2 安装RPM包
    • 6.3 启动MySQL，修改密码，为用户赋权
  • 七.使用yum安装MySQL
    • 7.1 下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository
    • 7.2 安装MySQL-server
    • 7.3 启动MySQL，查看MySQL初始化密码
    • 7.4 修改MySQL的root密码，并给用户赋权限
    • 7.5 卸载Yum Repository
  • 八.源码编译安装MySQL
  • 九.参考文献

一.前言

​ linux安装软件的方式多种多样，MySQL也不例外，本文将介绍MySQL所有的安装方式。

二.关于MySQL的安装

​ MySQL一般可以采用四种安装方式，每种方式各有优点，使用场景各有不同：

  • yum安装MySQL，优点：简单，方便，适用场景：可以访问网络的环境
  • 离线源码编译安装MySQL，优点：可定制，适用性强，适用场景：无网络，需要定制MySQL，平台兼容性不强（内存最好大于4G不然编译会出现内存不足的报错）
  • RPM包安装MySQL，优点：简单，方便，适用场景：redhat系统
  • 通用二进制包安装MySQL，优点：简单，好维护，适用场景：大部分环境都适用(推荐)

三.部署规划

3.1 服务器规划

服务器操作系统版本CPU架构MySQL安装方式
node6CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708x86_64源码编译安装MySQL
node7CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708x86_64通用二进制包安装MySQL
node8CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708x86_64RPM包安装MySQL
node9CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708x86_64yum安装MySQL

3.2 数据库目录规划

文件类型文件部署位置
数据目录datadir/data/data（/data目录请确保足够大）
配置文件my.cnf/etc/my.cnf
错误日志log-error/data/log/mysql_error.log
二进制日志log-bin/data/binlogs/mysql-bin(用于数据库恢复和主从复制，以及审计（audit）操作)
慢查询日志slow_query_log_file/data/log/mysql_slow_query.log
套接字文件socket/data/run/mysql.sock
进程ID文件mysql.pid/data/run/mysql.pid

四.准备工具

1.MySQL通用二进制包:mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

​

2.MySQLRPM包:mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

​ mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

​ mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

​ mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

​ mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

​ mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

1575168892245

3.MySQL源码包:mysql-boost-5.7.28.tar.gz

下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

1575168777801

4.MySQL的Yum源:mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

或者mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

下载方法:wget -i -c id="五通用二进制包安装mysql">五.通用二进制包安装MySQL

5.1 上传MySQL通用二进制安装包到node7的/usr/local/src目录下

[root@node7 src]# pwd/usr/local/src[root@node7 src]# lsmysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

5.2 解压MySQL到指定目录并改名

[root@node7 src]# tar -zxf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/[root@node7 src]# cd /usr/local/[root@node7 local]# lsbin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin share src[root@node7 local]# mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql[root@node7 local]# lsbin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql sbin share src

5.3 创建MySQL用户和用户组

[root@node7 local]# groupadd -g 1111 mysql[root@node7 local]# useradd -g mysql -u 1111 -s /sbin/nologin mysql[root@node7 local]# id mysql #查看用户信息uid=1111(mysql) gid=1111(mysql) groups=1111(mysql)

5.4 配置MySQL的bin目录到PATH路径

[root@node7 local]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile[root@node7 local]# source /etc/profile[root@node7 local]# mysql #输入MySQL之后双击tab键，即可列出候选MySQL命令mysql      mysql_client_test_embedded mysqld-debug    mysqldumpslow    mysql_plugin    mysqlslap     mysql_upgrademysqladmin     mysql_config    mysqld_multi    mysql_embedded    mysqlpump     mysql_ssl_rsa_setup   mysqlxtestmysqlbinlog     mysql_config_editor   mysqld_safe     mysqlimport     mysql_secure_installation mysqltest_embedded   mysqlcheck     mysqld      mysqldump     mysql_install_db   mysqlshow     mysql_tzinfo_to_sql

5.5 创建MySQL数据存放目录

[root@node7 ~]# mkdir -p /data/{data,log,binlogs,run}[root@node7 ~]# tree /data #如果没有tree命令，则yum -y install tree安装/data├── binlogs├── data├── log└── run4 directories, 0 files[root@node7 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data[root@node7 ~]# ll /data/total 0drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 3 11:07 binlogsdrwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 3 11:07 datadrwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 3 11:07 logdrwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Dec 3 11:07 run

5.6 配置MySQL配置文件

[root@node7 mysql]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf[root@node7 mysql]# touch /etc/my.cnf#my.cnf配置文件详解，请查看我上一篇blog的#https://www.cnblogs.com/renshengdezheli/p/11913248.html的"MySQL配置文件优化参考"[root@node7 mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf[client]port=3306socket=/data/run/mysql.sock[mysqld]port=3306socket=/data/run/mysql.sockpid_file=/data/run/mysql.piddatadir=/data/datadefault_storage_engine=InnoDBmax_allowed_packet=512Mmax_connections=2048open_files_limit=65535skip-name-resolvelower_case_table_names=1character-set-server=utf8mb4collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ciinit_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'innodb_buffer_pool_size=1024Minnodb_log_file_size=2048Minnodb_file_per_table=1innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0key_buffer_size=64Mlog-error=/data/log/mysql_error.loglog-bin=/data/binlogs/mysql-binslow_query_log=1slow_query_log_file=/data/log/mysql_slow_query.loglong_query_time=5tmp_table_size=32Mmax_heap_table_size=32Mquery_cache_type=0query_cache_size=0server-id=1

5.7 初始化MySQL数据库

[root@node7 mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/data[root@node7 mysql]# echo $?0[root@node7 mysql]# grep 'temporary password' /data/log/mysql_error.log #查看MySQL初始化密码2019-12-03T03:47:42.639938Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: lhrh>J,p<8gw

5.8 生成ssl（可选）

#关于MySQL开启ssl查看https://www.cnblogs.com/mysql-dba/p/7061300.html[root@node7 mysql]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dataGenerating a 2048 bit RSA private key......................................+++.+++writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'-----Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key....................................+++............................+++writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'-----Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key.....................................................................................+++..............................................+++writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'-----#执行完成之后，会有在datadir目录生成*.pem文件[root@node7 mysql]# ls /data/data/auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1  mysql    public_key.pem sysca-key.pem client-key.pem ib_logfile0 performance_schema server-cert.pemca.pem  ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile1 private_key.pem  server-key.pem

5.9 配置MySQL启动项并设置开机自启动

5.9.1 centos6版本

cd /usr/local/mysqlcp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.serverchkconfig --add mysql.serverchkconfig mysql.server onchkconfig --list

5.9.2 centos7版本

[root@node7 system]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system[root@node7 system]# touch mysqld.service [root@node7 system]# vim mysqld.service [root@node7 system]# cat mysqld.service # Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the# GNU General Public License for more details.## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA## systemd service file for MySQL forking server#[Unit]Description=MySQL ServerDocumentation=man:mysqld(5.7)Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlAfter=network.targetAfter=syslog.target[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target[Service]User=mysqlGroup=mysqlType=forkingPIDFile=/data/run/mysql.pid# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.TimeoutSec=0# Execute pre and post scripts as rootPermissionsStartOnly=true# Needed to create system tables#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd# Start main serviceExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/run/mysql.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS# Use this to switch malloc implementationEnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql# Sets open_files_limitLimitNOFILE = 65535Restart=on-failureRestartPreventExitStatus=1PrivateTmp=false[root@node7 system]# systemctl daemon-reload #重新加载服务配置文件[root@node7 system]# systemctl enable mysqld #设置MySQL开机自启动Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.[root@node7 system]# systemctl is-enabled mysqld #查看MySQL开机自启动是否设置成功enabled

5.10 启动MySQL

[root@node7 system]# systemctl start mysqld[root@node7 system]# systemctl status mysqld #查看MySQL启动状态● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-12-03 14:42:14 CST; 9s ago  Docs: man:mysqld(5.7)   Process: 2905 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/run/mysql.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 2907 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service   └─2907 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/run/mysql.pidDec 03 14:42:13 node7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...Dec 03 14:42:14 node7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.[root@node7 system]# ps -ef | grep mysql   #查看MySQL进程mysql  2907  1 2 14:42 ?  00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/run/mysql.pidroot  2942 2576 0 14:42 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

5.11 进行MySQL安全初始化(可选)

[root@node7 system]# mysql_secure_installation Securing the MySQL server deployment.Enter password for user root: #这里输入MySQL初始化时生成的密码（grep 'temporary password' /data/log/mysql_error.log）The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.New password: #输入新密码Re-enter new password: VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwordsand improve security. It checks the strength of passwordand allows the users to set only those passwords which aresecure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n #y安装MySQL密码插件Using existing password for root.Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n ... skipping.By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to havea user account created for them. This is intended only fortesting, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.You should remove them before moving into a productionenvironment.Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y #y移除匿名用户Success.Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess atthe root password from the network.Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n #是否允许root远程登录 ... skipping.By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' thatanyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,and should be removed before moving into a productionenvironment.Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y #是否移除test数据库 - Dropping test database...Success. - Removing privileges on test database...Success.Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changesmade so far will take effect immediately.Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y #刷新权限表Success.All done!

5.12 修改密码，给用户赋权限（根据自己情况赋权限）

[root@node7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p111111mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.26-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');#修改root密码为123456，如果提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements，则说明密码设置太简单，如果想设置123456这样的简单密码，可在SQL中执行：	#mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;	#mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;	#这样再次执行SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456')就可成功。Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string =PASSWORD('123456') WHERE User='mysql'; #修改MySQL的mysql用户的密码为123456Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 0 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO mysql@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO mysql@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; #赋予mysql用户可以在任何机器上登录，并拥有所有表的所有权限Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.07 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ; #刷新权限，让修改立即生效Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> exit;Bye--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#以下是为MySQL赋权限的介绍mysql> grant 权限1,权限2,…权限n on 数据库名称.表名称 to 用户名@用户地址 identified by '连接口令';权限1,权限2,…权限n代表select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file等14个权限。当权限1,权限2,…权限n被all privileges或者all代替，表示赋予用户全部权限。当数据库名称.表名称被*.*代替，表示赋予用户操作服务器上所有数据库所有表的权限。用户地址可以是localhost，也可以是ip地址、机器名字、域名。也可以用'%'表示从任何地址连接。'连接口令'不能为空，否则创建失败。比如：mysql>grant select,insert,update,delete,create,drop on vtdc.employee to joe@10.163.225.87 identified by '123′;给来自10.163.225.87的用户joe分配可对数据库vtdc的employee表进行select,insert,update,delete,create,drop等操作的权限，并设定口令为123。 mysql>grant all privileges on vtdc.* to joe@10.163.225.87 identified by '123′;给来自10.163.225.87的用户joe分配可对数据库vtdc所有表进行所有操作的权限，并设定口令为123。--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.13 导入时区信息到MySQL库

[root@node7 system]# mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -uroot -p111111 mysql#执行上述操作之后，time_zone，time_zone_leap_second，time_zone_name，time_zone_transition ，time_zone_transition_type表就有时区数据了[root@node7 system]# mysql -uroot -p111111 mysqlmysql> show tables;+---------------------------+| Tables_in_mysql   |+---------------------------+| columns_priv    || db      || engine_cost    || event      || func      || general_log    || gtid_executed    || help_category    || help_keyword    || help_relation    || help_topic    || innodb_index_stats  || innodb_table_stats  || ndb_binlog_index   || plugin     || proc      || procs_priv    || proxies_priv    || server_cost    || servers     || slave_master_info   || slave_relay_log_info  || slave_worker_info   || slow_log     || tables_priv    || time_zone     || time_zone_leap_second  || time_zone_name   || time_zone_transition  || time_zone_transition_type || user      |+---------------------------+31 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5.14 查看MySQL版本信息

[root@node7 system]# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.26, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper[root@node7 system]# mysqladmin version -uroot -p111111mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.7.26, for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Server version		5.7.26-logProtocol version	10Connection		Localhost via UNIX socketUNIX socket		/data/run/mysql.sockUptime:			31 min 53 secThreads: 1 Questions: 8855 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 214 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 203 Queries per second avg: 4.628

5.15 如果防火墙开着，则需要开放3306端口

[root@node7 system]# systemctl status firewalld● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-12-03 15:22:18 CST; 3s ago  Docs: man:firewalld(1) Main PID: 3343 (firewalld) CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service   └─3343 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopidDec 03 15:22:17 node7 systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 firewalld[3343]: WARNING: ICMP type 'beyond-scope' is not supported by the kernel for ipv6.Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 firewalld[3343]: WARNING: beyond-scope: INVALID_ICMPTYPE: No supported ICMP type., ignoring...-time.Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 firewalld[3343]: WARNING: ICMP type 'failed-policy' is not supported by the kernel for ipv6.Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 firewalld[3343]: WARNING: failed-policy: INVALID_ICMPTYPE: No supported ICMP type., ignorin...-time.Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 firewalld[3343]: WARNING: ICMP type 'reject-route' is not supported by the kernel for ipv6.Dec 03 15:22:18 node7 firewalld[3343]: WARNING: reject-route: INVALID_ICMPTYPE: No supported ICMP type., ignoring...-time.Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.#添加防火墙规则[root@node7 system]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcpsuccess#重新加载防火墙规则[root@node7 system]# firewall-cmd --reloadsuccess#检查规则是否设置生效[root@node7 system]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=3306/tcpyes#列出防火墙所有开放的端口[root@node7 system]# firewall-cmd --list-allpublic (active) target: default icmp-block-inversion: no interfaces: ens33 sources: services: ssh dhcpv6-client ports: 3306/tcp protocols: masquerade: no forward-ports: source-ports: icmp-blocks: rich rules:

5.16 利用logrotate对MySQL日志进行轮转(日志自动备份切割)

#logrotate配置详解请查看：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2019-02/157099.htm[root@node7 ~]# touch /root/.my.cnf[root@node7 ~]# vim /root/.my.cnf [root@node7 ~]# cat /root/.my.cnf [mysqladmin] password=111111user=root[root@node7 ~]# chmod 600 /root/.my.cnf [root@node7 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql-log-rotate /etc/logrotate.d/[root@node7 ~]# chmod 644 /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate [root@node7 ~]# vim /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate [root@node7 ~]# cat /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate # The log file name and location can be set in# /etc/my.cnf by setting the "log-error" option# in either [mysqld] or [mysqld_safe] section as# follows:## [mysqld]# log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log## In case the root user has a password, then you# have to create a /root/.my.cnf configuration file# with the following content:## [mysqladmin]# password = <secret> # user= root## where "<secret>" is the password. ## ATTENTION: The /root/.my.cnf file should be readable# _ONLY_ by root !/data/log/mysql_*.log {  # create 600 mysql mysql  notifempty #当日志文件为空时，不进行轮转  daily #默认每一天执行一次rotate轮转工作  rotate 52 #保留多少个日志文件(轮转几次).默认保留四个.就是指定日志文件删除之前轮转的次数，0 指没有备份，此处表示保留52天的日志  missingok #如果日志文件丢失，不要显示错误  compress #通过gzip 压缩转储以后的日志 postrotate #执行的指令	# just if mysqld is really running	if test -x /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin && \	 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ping &>/dev/null	then	 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin flush-logs	fi endscript}[root@node7 ~]# [root@node7 ~]# logrotate -fv /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotate #强制进行日志轮转reading config file /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-log-rotateAllocating hash table for state file, size 15360 BHandling 1 logsrotating pattern: /data/log/mysql_*.log forced from command line (52 rotations)empty log files are not rotated, old logs are removedconsidering log /data/log/mysql_error.log log needs rotatingconsidering log /data/log/mysql_slow_query.log log needs rotatingrotating log /data/log/mysql_error.log, log->rotateCount is 52dateext suffix '-20191203'glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'renaming /data/log/mysql_error.log.52.gz to /data/log/mysql_error.log.53.gz (t -- won't try to dispose of it.................renaming /data/log/mysql_slow_query.log to /data/log/mysql_slow_query.log.1running postrotate scriptcompressing log with: /bin/gzip[root@node7 ~]# [root@node7 ~]# echo $?0#此时查看日志目录，发现日志已经进行轮转，并压缩[root@node7 ~]# ls /data/log/mysql_error.log mysql_error.log.1.gz mysql_slow_query.log mysql_slow_query.log.1.gz

自此，通用二进制包安装MySQL完毕。

六.使用RPM包安装MySQL

6.1 上传MySQL的RPM包到/usr/local/src目录下

[root@node8 local]# cd /usr/local/src/[root@node8 src]# lsmysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

6.2 安装RPM包

[root@node8 src]# rpm -ivh ./*.rpmwarning: ./mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYerror: Failed dependencies:	mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64	mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64#出现上述错误说明：和mariadb-libs组件冲突，卸载mariadb-libs相关组件即可[root@node8 src]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb* #查看mariadb-libs相关的组件mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64[root@node8 src]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 #卸载mariadb-libs组件warning: /etc/my.cnf saved as /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave[root@node8 src]# rpm -ivh ./*.rpmwarning: ./mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...       ################################# [100%]Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.e################################# [ 17%] 2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7################################# [ 33%] 3:mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.e################################# [ 50%] 4:mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.e################################# [ 67%] 5:mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el################################# [ 83%] 6:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2################################# [100%]#此时RPM包安装完毕

6.3 启动MySQL，修改密码，为用户赋权

[root@node8 src]# service mysqld statusRedirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: inactive (dead)  Docs: man:mysqld(8)   src]# service mysqld startRedirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service[root@node8 src]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-12-03T10:16:32.931929Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 3yGgt,Eipr%z[root@node8 src]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.23Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');#修改root密码为123456，如果提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements，则说明密码设置太简单，如果想设置123456这样的简单密码，可在SQL中执行：	#mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;	#mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;	#这样再次执行SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456')就可成功。Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string =PASSWORD('123456') WHERE User='mysql'; #修改MySQL的mysql用户的密码为123456Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 0 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO mysql@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO mysql@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; #赋予mysql用户可以在任何机器上登录，并拥有所有表的所有权限Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.07 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ; #刷新权限，让修改立即生效Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> exit;Bye--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#以下是为MySQL赋权限的介绍mysql> grant 权限1,权限2,…权限n on 数据库名称.表名称 to 用户名@用户地址 identified by '连接口令';权限1,权限2,…权限n代表select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file等14个权限。当权限1,权限2,…权限n被all privileges或者all代替，表示赋予用户全部权限。当数据库名称.表名称被*.*代替，表示赋予用户操作服务器上所有数据库所有表的权限。用户地址可以是localhost，也可以是ip地址、机器名字、域名。也可以用'%'表示从任何地址连接。'连接口令'不能为空，否则创建失败。比如：mysql>grant select,insert,update,delete,create,drop on vtdc.employee to joe@10.163.225.87 identified by '123′;给来自10.163.225.87的用户joe分配可对数据库vtdc的employee表进行select,insert,update,delete,create,drop等操作的权限，并设定口令为123。 mysql>grant all privileges on vtdc.* to joe@10.163.225.87 identified by '123′;给来自10.163.225.87的用户joe分配可对数据库vtdc所有表进行所有操作的权限，并设定口令为123。--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

自此MySQL的RPM安装就完毕了，此方法自动生成/etc/my.cnf,查看配置文件可知道MySQL的日志目录和数据目录。

七.使用yum安装MySQL

7.1 下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository

[root@node9 ~]# wget -i -c 23:23:44-- dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved PermanentlyLocation: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm [following]--2019-12-03 23:23:57-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpmConnecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 FoundLocation: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm [following]--2019-12-03 23:24:00-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpmResolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 184.29.107.217Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|184.29.107.217|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OKLength: 25548 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]Saving to: 'mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm'100%[================================================================================>] 25,548  21.5KB/s in 1.2s 2019-12-03 23:24:03 (21.5 KB/s) - 'mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm' saved [25548/25548]-c: No such file or directoryNo URLs found in -c.FINISHED --2019-12-03 23:24:03--Total wall clock time: 19sDownloaded: 1 files, 25K in 1.2s (21.5 KB/s)[root@node9 ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorExamining mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarchMarking mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm to be installedResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved========================================================================================================================== Package       Arch   Version   Repository          Size==========================================================================================================================Installing: mysql57-community-release   noarch   el7-10   /mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch   30 kTransaction Summary==========================================================================================================================Install 1 PackageTotal size: 30 kInstalled size: 30 kDownloading packages:Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction Installing : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch                1/1 Verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch                1/1 Installed: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10                    Complete!

7.2 安装MySQL-server

#yum安装MySQL会自动解决依赖，一条命令即可，但是需要网络访问权限[root@node9 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server .....Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.28-1.el7    mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.28-1.el7    mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.28-1.el7    Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.28-1.el7    mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.28-1.el7    Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7                      Complete!

7.3 启动MySQL，查看MySQL初始化密码

[root@node9 ~]# systemctl start mysqld[root@node9 ~]# systemctl status mysqld● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-12-04 10:22:00 CST; 1min 22s ago  Docs: man:mysqld(8)   Process: 15965 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 15947 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 15968 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service   └─15968 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidDec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.774472Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.774677Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as ...ctory.Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.774897Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.774962Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.774980Z 0 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.775003Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.791933Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 eventsDec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: 2019-12-04T02:22:00.792180Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 mysqld[15965]: Version: '5.7.28' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Co... (GPL)Dec 04 10:22:00 node9 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.[root@node9 ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log #查看MySQL初始化密码2019-11-05T06:35:28.565529Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: T<&loC3=%t+Q

7.4 修改MySQL的root密码，并给用户赋权限

mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');#修改root密码为123456，如果提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements，则说明密码设置太简单，如果想设置123456这样的简单密码，可在SQL中执行：	#mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;	#mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;	#这样再次执行SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456')就可成功。Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string =PASSWORD('123456') WHERE User='mysql'; #修改MySQL的mysql用户的密码为123456Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 0 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO mysql@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO mysql@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; #赋予mysql用户可以在任何机器上登录，并拥有所有表的所有权限Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.07 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ; #刷新权限，让修改立即生效Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> exit;Bye--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#以下是为MySQL赋权限的介绍mysql> grant 权限1,权限2,…权限n on 数据库名称.表名称 to 用户名@用户地址 identified by '连接口令';权限1,权限2,…权限n代表select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file等14个权限。当权限1,权限2,…权限n被all privileges或者all代替，表示赋予用户全部权限。当数据库名称.表名称被*.*代替，表示赋予用户操作服务器上所有数据库所有表的权限。用户地址可以是localhost，也可以是ip地址、机器名字、域名。也可以用'%'表示从任何地址连接。'连接口令'不能为空，否则创建失败。比如：mysql>grant select,insert,update,delete,create,drop on vtdc.employee to joe@10.163.225.87 identified by '123′;给来自10.163.225.87的用户joe分配可对数据库vtdc的employee表进行select,insert,update,delete,create,drop等操作的权限，并设定口令为123。 mysql>grant all privileges on vtdc.* to joe@10.163.225.87 identified by '123′;给来自10.163.225.87的用户joe分配可对数据库vtdc所有表进行所有操作的权限，并设定口令为123。--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.5 卸载Yum Repository

#由于安装了Yum Repository，所以每次yum操作都会自动更新，需要把这个卸载掉[root@node9 ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarchLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10 will be erased--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved========================================================================================================================== Package         Arch     Version     Repository     Size==========================================================================================================================Removing: mysql57-community-release     noarch     el7-10     installed     30 kTransaction Summary==========================================================================================================================Remove 1 PackageInstalled size: 30 kDownloading packages:Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction Erasing : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch                1/1 Verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch                1/1 Removed: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10                 Complete!

自此，yum安装MySQL完毕。

八.源码编译安装MySQL

​ 源码编译安装MySQL可以查看我的上一篇博客:https://www.cnblogs.com/renshengdezheli/p/11913248.html，在此不再赘述。

九.参考文献

https://www.cnblogs.com/luohanguo/p/9045391.html


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