星空女人频道

2014年1月10日星期五

Embedded Systems Meter-on-a-chip runs on a coin cell

2014/01/10

15jan14AnalogSimpleBlock 648 Analog Devices is aiming at portable heathcare with a precision meter-on-a-chip that will run on a coin cell.

ADuCM350 has a 16bit analogue front-end (AFE) which includes a multi-sensor switch matrix, hardware waveform generator, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) engine, and an ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller.

Applications are expected in point-of-care diagnostics, home self-test health devices, wearable vital signs monitors, and sports and fitness monitors.

The auto-calibrating AFE includes a 16bit 160ksample/s ADC, +/-0.2% voltage reference, and 12bit no-missing-code DAC.

“Passive complex impedance sensing enables baseline detection and detailed information of physiological, biological and electrochemical reactions, at levels previously unattainable,” said the firm. “The fusion of passive and active sensors provides an additional level of signal measurement accuracy, and environmentally robust capacitance-to-digital technology supports new use cases such as skin electrode detection and next-generation electrochemical test strip technologies.”

15jan14AnalogBlock 874 An example of sensor fusion, according to the firm, is calorie burn estimation by combining galvanic skin response for heart rate and respiration, with a three axis MEMS accelerometer for altitude and motion detection.

I/O peripherals include: USB, audio, display, serial and touch.

supports differentiation and rapid feature expansion. The ADuCM350 AFE sequencer enables designers to develop the software for a measurement procedure only once and then reliably port it across an entire product family.

The Cortex-M3 runs at 16MHz and hax 384kbyte of flash, 16kbyte EEPROM, and 32kbyte SRAM, as well as hardware accelerators for waveform generation and filtering.

It is sampling now with production slated for April.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

We have built up long term business relationship with about many companies which are stockers and authorized agents. we have a steady and reliable supply to meet customer's demands to the greatest extent .Confidently, we are able to lower your cost and support your business with our years of professional service.

SUV System Ltd is Electronic Components Distributor Supplies,Find Quality Electronic Components Supplies Products IC(Integrated Circuits),Connectors,Capacitor,Resistors,Diodes,Transistors,LED at Suvsystem.com. Sourcing Other Energy, Environment, Excess Inventory Products from Manufacturers and Suppliers at Suvsystem.com

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

SUV System Ltd insists on the managing faith ofsincereness,speciality,foresight, win-win,so we build up stable-relationship customers located all over the world, including the States, Europe, Argentina, UAE, Malaysia, Australia,and India etc

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

Resistor Networks VISHAY IC HARRIS IC Switching Diodes Connectors Dialight LED Chip Fuses LED INFLNEON Diodes Chip Ferrite Beads LITTELFUSE Diodes NXP Transistors Resistors Bipolar Transistors Transistors Freescale Switches ON Diodes Metal Can Packages Transistors Infineon Technologies Transistors NXP Diodes TDK IC ON Transistors ROHM Resistors Schottky Diodes Atmel IC Kingbrigt LED AD IC Current Sensors Resistors SANYO IC chip Filter saws Chip Inductors Digital Transistors PANASONIC Resistors IDT IC Cypress IC Diodes Inc TI IC IC(Integrated Circuits) Renesas parts IC ALTERA IC
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8993.aspx

Business Faster rate of decline for PC market

2014/01/10

PC sales fell 10% last year, says Gartner.

The 315.9 million units shipped were at the same level as in 2009.

Q4 sales fell 6.9% to 82.6 million units – making seven quarters of decline in a row.

“Consumer spending during the holidays did not come back to PCs as tablets were one of the hottest holiday items,” says Gartner’s Mikako Kitagawa, “in emerging markets, the first connected device for consumers is most likely a smartphone, and their first computing device is a tablet.”

The top 5 PC vendors were Lenovo, HP, Dell, Acer and Asus.

Apple grew fastest in the US with a 28.5% increase in sales to 2.17 million units representing 13.7% of the US market.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

TOSHIBA Transistors Switches HARRIS IC Chip Fuses Resistors Fast Recovery Diodes YAGEO Resistors Bipolar Transistors Transistors Freescale PANASONIC Resistors Schottky Diodes Current Sensors Resistors Kingbrigt LED TI IC TOSHIBA Diodes Electronic News Freescale Semiconductor LED Transistors ROHM Resistors INFLNEON Diodes Voltage Regulators Transistors About US MURATA IC Low Ohmic Resistors Industrial IC ON Transistors Resistor Arrays Capacitor Diodes Inc Digital Transistors MOTOROLA IC Fleld Effect Transistors Fairchild Semiconductor Transistors ST Transistors NXP Diodes Microchip IC NS IC Discrete Semiconductor Transistors Cypress IC
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8986.aspx

Study dispels theories of Y chromosome's demise: Stripped-down chromosome retains key genes for fertility

"The Y chromosome has lost 90 percent of the genes it once shared with the X chromosome, and some scientists have speculated that the Y chromosome will disappear in less than 5 million years," said evolutionary biologist Melissa A. Wilson Sayres, a Miller Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of California, Berkeley, and lead author of the new analysis.

Some mammals have already lost their Y chromosome, though they still have males and females and reproduce normally. And last month, researchers reported shuffling some genes in mice to create Y-less males that could produce normal offspring, leading some commentators to wonder whether the chromosome is superfluous.

"Our study demonstrates that the genes that have been maintained, and those that migrated from the X to the Y, are important, and the human Y is going to stick around for a long while," she said.

Wilson Sayres and coauthor Rasmus Nielsen, UC Berkeley professor of integrative biology, show in a paper published online today (Jan. 9, 2014) in PLOS Genetics that patterns of variation on the Y chromosome among the 16 men are consistent with natural selection acting to maintain the gene content there, much of which has been shown to play a role in male fertility. The Y chromosome's puny size -- it contains 27 unique genes versus thousands on the other chromosomes -- is a sign it is lean and stripped down to essentials.

"Melissa's results are quite stunning. They show that because there is so much natural selection working on the Y chromosome, there has to be a lot more function on the chromosome than people previously thought," Nielsen said.

Variations in Y chromosomes are used to track how human populations moved around the globe, and according to Nielsen, the new research will help improve estimates of humans' evolutionary history.

"Melissa has shown that this strong negative selection -- natural selection to remove deleterious genes -- tends to make us think the dates are older than they actually are, which gives quite different estimates of our ancestors' history," Nielsen said.

Y has degraded over past 200 million

Before about 200 million years ago, when mammals were relatively new on Earth, early versions of the sex chromosomes, X and Y, were just like other pairs of chromosomes: with each generation, they swapped a few genes so that offspring were a mix of their parents' genes. Fertilized eggs that got two proto-Xs became females and eggs with a proto-X and proto-Y became males.

But for some reason, Wilson Sayres said, the gene that triggers the cascade of events that result in male features became fixed on the Y chromosome and attracted other male-specific genes, such as those that control development of the testes, sperm and semen. Many of these turned out to be harmful for females, so the X and Y stopped swapping genes and the two chromosomes began to evolve separately.

"Now the X and Y do not swap DNA over most of their lengths, which means that the Y cannot efficiently fix mistakes, so it has degraded over time," she said. "In XX females, the X still has a partner to swap with and fix mistakes, which is why we think the X hasn't also degraded."

Wilson Sayres was fascinated by the strange history of the sex chromosomes and in particular the lack of genetic variation worldwide on the Y chromosome compared to the variety seen in DNA on the non-sex chromosomes. This variation, though used to chart human history, was poorly characterized across the entire Y chromosome.

"Y chromosomes are more similar to each other than we expect," said Wilson Sayres. "There has been some debate about whether this is because there are fewer males contributing to the next generation, or whether natural selection is acting to remove variation."

Did fewer males contribute genes to Y chromosome?

The UC Berkeley researchers demonstrated that if fewer males were the only cause of the low variability, it would mean that fewer than 1 in 4 males throughout history had passed on their Y chromosome each generation. Variations in other human chromosomes, including the X chromosome, make this an unlikely scenario. Instead, they showed that the low variation can be explained by intense natural selection, that is, a strong evolutionary pressure to weed out bad mutations that ended up trimming the chromosome down to its essentials.

"We show that a model of purifying selection acting on the Y chromosome to remove harmful mutations, in combination with a moderate reduction in the number of males that are passing on their Y chromosomes, can explain low Y diversity," Wilson Sayres said.

The researchers also found that all 27 genes on the Y chromosome -- the 17 that humans retain after 200 million years, and 10 more recently acquired but poorly understood genes -- are likely affected by natural selection. Most of the newer genes, called ampliconic genes, are present in multiple copies on the chromosome and loss of one or more copies has been linked to male infertility.

"These ampliconic regions that we haven't really understood until now are evidently very important and probably should be investigated and studied for fertility," she said.

Wilson Sayres was able to precisely measure Y variability because for the first time she compared variation on a person's Y chromosome with variation on that person's other 22 chromosomes (called autosomes), the X chromosome and the mitochondrial DNA. She used whole genome data from 16 men whose DNA had been sequenced by the Mountain View-based company Complete Genomics Inc., which has the most accurate sequences of the Y chromosome. The company was recently acquired by BGI, the Bejing Genome Institute.

Cross-population studies of variation in the Y chromosome are in their infancy, she said, noting that of the more than 36 mammalian genomes sequenced to date, complete Y chromosomes are only available for three. Most of the 1,000+ human genomes already sequenced do not have sufficiently accurate coverage of the Y to make this type of comparison among individuals, but advances in technology to better characterize DNA will facilitate future analyses of the Y chromosome, she said.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

Vishay resistors HARRIS IC Rectifier Diodes NEC Diodes Fleld Effect Transistors PANASONIC Resistors IDT IC MAXIM IC Multi-units Transistors Infineon Technologies Transistors ROHM Resistors Cypress IC LED Switching Diodes Schottky Diodes IR Diodes Dialight LED Diodes Inc TI IC Civil IC MOTOROLA IC Military IC Xilinx IC AD IC FAIRCHILD diodes Fast Recovery Diodes chip Filter saws Bipolar Transistors TOSHIBA Diodes IR transistor Microchip IC INTERSIL IC LITTELFUSE Diodes ELPIDA IC Chip Ferrite Beads PANASONIC LINEAR IC NS IC Electronic News High Precision Resistors
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8983.aspx

Bed bugs grow faster in groups

Jan. 9, 2014 — Researchers have previously observed that certain insects -- especially crickets, cockroaches and grasshoppers -- tend to grow faster when they live in groups. However, no research has ever been done on group living among bed bugs until now.

Share This:

A new study published in the January 2014 issue of the Journal of Medical Entomology called "Group Living Accelerates Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Development" is the first ever to document the effects of aggregation on bed bug development. Researchers from North Carolina State University found that bed bug nymphs developed 2.2 days faster than solitary nymphs -- a signifcant 7.3% difference.

"Now that we found this social facilitation of growth and development, we can start asking what sensory cues are involved and how they contribute to faster growth," said corresponding author Dr. Coby Schal. "This should lead to some interesting experimental research on what sensory cues bed bugs use to grow faster in groups."

In addition, the researchers found that the effects of grouping are the same regardless of the age of the individuals in the group. The results of the study suggest that newly hatched bed bugs do not require interaction with older bed bugs to achieve maximal developmental rates.

"The observations that adults do not appear to contribute to nymph development suggests that eggs can survive and found new infestations without any adults," Dr. Schal said.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

Xilinx IC Voltage Regulators Transistors Connectors ON Transistors Switching Diodes INFLNEON Diodes IR Diodes Freescale Semiconductor Discrete Semiconductor Transistors LINEAR IC Capacitor Transistors Low Ohmic Resistors Chip Inductors About US LITTELFUSE Diodes ALTERA IC Bipolar Transistors Switches FAIRCHILD diodes Dialight LED Zener Diodes Electronic News TOSHIBA Transistors IC(Integrated Circuits) TI IC Fairchild Semiconductor Transistors Schottky Diodes AGILENT LED ELPIDA IC High Precision Resistors ROHM Resistors Atmel IC Ligitek LED PANASONIC Fleld Effect Transistors Other Parts Multi-units Transistors Infineon Technologies Transistors Industrial IC
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8978.aspx

Astronomers discover new planet in Pisces constellation

The star system harboring the new planet contains only one star, as do the other three systems with extrasolar planets analyzed by Kane, an assistant professor of physics and astronomy, and his colleagues. It is a surprising finding, given the high rate of multiple-star systems in our solar neighborhood.

"There is a great interest in these stars that are known to host planets," Kane explained, since astronomers suspect that planet formation in a multi-star system would be very different from planet formation in a single-star system like our own. Kane presented his findings today at the annual conference of the American Astronomical Society.

A multiple-star system "might have not one but two planetary disks" where planets form, he said. "Or it could be that having an extra star would be disruptive, and its gravity could cause any protoplanets to pull apart."

Relatively few extrasolar planets have been found in multiple-star systems, "but we know that they are there," Kane said.

In the four systems studied by the researchers, using optical imaging data collected at the Gemini North observatory in Hawaii, there were some intriguing signs that perhaps a second star -- or something else -- was present.

In each system, the extrasolar planets were discovered by the radial velocity technique, pioneered at SF State by astronomer Geoffrey Marcy, now at the University of California, Berkeley. The radial velocity technique measures variations in the speed at which a star moves away and toward Earth, perturbed or "wobbled" by the gravitational pull of a nearby cosmic body. Depending on the radial velocity signature, astronomers can calculate whether the wobble is coming from a planet or star.

In the star systems studied by Kane and his colleagues, there was a part of the radial velocity data that couldn't be explained entirely by the pull of an orbiting planet. And at the same time, the planets that had already been discovered in these systems followed eccentric orbits, swinging away from their stars in a less circular and more elliptical fashion, "more like that of a comet," Kane said.

With these two clues, the researchers wondered if the radial velocity and eccentric orbits might be explained by the presence of another star in the system. But when they took a closer look at the systems, they were able to rule out the possibility that another star was perturbing the system.

"I thought we were likely to find stellar companions, and when all four didn't have a binary star, that did surprise me," Kane said.

But in the case of one star, Pisces' HD 4230, the unexplained radial velocity appears to be coming from the pull of a previously undiscovered giant planet, the researchers report. They confirmed the planet's presence with additional radial velocity data collected at Hawaii's Keck observatory.

Given that the researchers did not find any stellar companions, Kane says it is very likely that the leftover radial velocity is instead a signal that there are additional planets to be found in all four systems. The researchers feel this is especially true for the system called HD 168443, where their ability to detect a companion star was very strong.

Kane is one of the few astronomers to use a variety of planet-hunting techniques, including radial velocity and imaging. He said that the new findings had motivated him to look at other extrasolar systems with similar kinds of unexplained radial velocity data, to see if other stars or planets may be lurking there.

"Limits on Stellar Companions to Exoplanet Host Stars with Eccentric Planets" is in press at Astrophysical Journal. Kane co-authored the study with SF State Postdoctoral Fellow Natalie R. Hinkel; Steve B. Howell of NASA Ames Research Center; Elliott P. Horch of Southern Connecticut State University; Ying Feng and Jason T. Wright of Pennsylvania State University; David R. Ciardi of NASA Exoplanet Science Institute; Mark E. Everett of National Optical Astronomy Observatory and Andrew W. Howard of the University of Hawaii.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

Loss of large carnivores poses global conservation problem

Jan. 9, 2014 — In ecosystems around the world, the decline of large predators such as lions, dingoes, wolves, otters, and bears is changing the face of landscapes from the tropics to the Arctic -- but an analysis of 31 carnivore species published today in the journal Science shows for the first time how threats such as habitat loss, persecution by humans and loss of prey combine to create global hotspots of carnivore decline.

Share This:

More than 75 percent of the 31 large-carnivore species are declining, and 17 species now occupy less than half of their former ranges, the authors reported.

Southeast Asia, southern and East Africa and the Amazon are among areas in which multiple large carnivore species are declining. With some exceptions, large carnivores have already been exterminated from much of the developed world, including Western Europe and the eastern United States.

"Globally, we are losing our large carnivores," said William Ripple, lead author of the paper and a professor in the Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society at Oregon State University.

"Many of them are endangered," he said. "Their ranges are collapsing. Many of these animals are at risk of extinction, either locally or globally. And, ironically, they are vanishing just as we are learning about their important ecological effects."

Ripple and colleagues from the United States, Australia, Italy and Sweden called for an international initiative to conserve large predators in coexistence with people. They suggested that such an effort be modeled on the Large Carnivore Initiative for Europe, a nonprofit scientific group affiliated with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.

The researchers reviewed published scientific reports and singled out seven species that have been studied for their widespread ecological effects or "trophic cascades." This includes African lions, leopards, Eurasian lynx, cougars, gray wolves, sea otters and dingoes.

Ripple and his Oregon State co-author Robert Beschta have documented impacts of cougars and wolves on the regeneration of forest stands and riparian vegetation in Yellowstone and other national parks in North America. Fewer predators, they have found, lead to an increase in browsing animals such as deer and elk. More browsing disrupts vegetation, shifts birds and small mammals and changes other parts of the ecosystem in a widespread cascade of impacts.

Studies of Eurasian lynx, dingoes, lions and sea otters have found similar effects, the authors reported.

Lynx have been closely tied to the abundance of roe deer, red fox and hare. In Australia, the construction of a 3,400-mile dingo-proof fence has enabled scientists to study ecosystems with and without the animals, which are closely related to gray wolves. In some parts of Africa, the decrease of lions and leopards has coincided with a dramatic increase in olive baboons, which threaten farm crops and livestock. In the waters off southeast Alaska, a decline in sea otters through killer whale predation has led to a rise in sea urchins and loss of kelp beds.

The authors call for a deeper understanding of the impact of large carnivores on ecosystems, a view that they trace back to the work of landmark ecologist Aldo Leopold. The classic concept that predators are harmful and deplete fish and wildlife is outdated, they said. Scientists and wildlife managers need to recognize a growing body of evidence for the complex roles that carnivores play in ecosystems and for their social and economic benefits.

Leopold recognized such relationships between predators and ecosystems, Ripple said, but his observations on that point were largely ignored for decades after his death in 1948.

"Human tolerance of these species is a major issue for conservation," Ripple said. "We say these animals have an intrinsic right to exist, but they are also providing economic and ecological services that people value."

Among the services that have been documented in other studies are carbon sequestration, riparian restoration, biodiversity and disease control.

Where large carnivores have been restored -- such as wolves in Yellowstone or Eurasian lynx in Finland -- ecosystems have responded quickly, said Ripple. "I am impressed with how resilient the Yellowstone ecosystem is. It isn't happening quickly everywhere, but in some places, ecosystem restoration has started there."

In those cases, where loss of vegetation has led to soil erosion, for example, full restoration in the near term may not be possible, he said.

"Nature is highly interconnected," said Ripple. "The work at Yellowstone and other places shows how one species affects another and another through different pathways. It's humbling as a scientist to see the interconnectedness of nature."

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

TDK IC Atmel IC Rectifier Diodes INTERSIL IC NEC Transistors Fast Recovery Diodes Thick Film Resistors AVX Resistors Texas Instruments(TI) IC IC(Integrated Circuits) Capacitor Military IC PANASONIC Dialight LED Transistors LINEAR IC Freescale Semiconductor MURATA IC IDT IC PANASONIC Resistors Digital Transistors MAXIM IC Current Sensors Resistors Chip Ferrite Beads YAGEO Resistors ST Diodes Cypress IC AD IC Microchip IC Multi-units Transistors MOTOROLA IC Bipolar Transistors Discrete Semiconductor Transistors Kingbrigt LED TOSHIBA Transistors Electronic News Fairchild Semiconductor Transistors Metal Can Packages Transistors NXP Diodes components
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8968.aspx

Marine bacteria to fight tough infections

Jan. 9, 2014 — Aggressive infections are a growing health problem all over the world. The development of resistant bacteria is rampant and, in the United States, resistant staphylococci cause more deaths than AIDS on an annual basis. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen are studying a new form of treatment based on marine bacteria. The results have been published in PLOS ONE.

Share This:

Staphylococci have been a big problem for hospitals all over the world since the 1940s and, for many years, the pharmaceutical industry has been able to develop new antibiotics to keep up with the emergence of the aggressive bacteria. However, from 1970 to 2000, virtually no new antibiotics have come on the market. Staphylococci are gaining in the race -- resistance is growing, and treatment options are few. In short, doctors have been set back to the time before penicillin was mass produced.

Research performed in collaboration between the University of Copenhagen and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) focus on a new form of treatment -- so-called antivirulence therapy -- based on marine bacteria producing Staphylococcus inhibiting compounds.

"The marine compounds effectively inhibit the ability of staphylococci to form toxins and camouflage proteins that prevent our immune system from reacting to an infection. At the same time, marine compounds appear to paralyse a sophisticated communication system that provides staphylococci the opportunity to undertake a coordinated attack on the organism," says Anita Nielsen, PhD. She has published new results in PLOS ONE with Professor Hanne Ingmer from the Department for Veterinary Disease Biology at the University of Copenhagen's Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences.

In the United States, resistant staphylococci cause more deaths than AIDS on an annual basis. Antivirulence therapy protects the body's natural bacterial flora and disarms, so to speak, infectious staphylococci bacteria. In this way, the body's immune system potentially gets a chance to defend itself against infection -- and, in the long term, this form of treatment can mean that patients experience fewer harmful side effects.

Potent compound from the Solomon Islands

The researchers have analyzed compounds extracted from marine bacteria collected from all over the world on the Galathea 3 expedition, which took place from August 2006 until April 2007. One particular compound, Solonamid B, isolated from a marine bacterium found near the Solomon Islands, is of particular interest.

"Solonamid B inhibits the ability of staphylococci to produce various toxins that break down our blood cells. White blood cells in particular are important in this context, because they participate in the fight against invasive bacteria during an infection. When Solonamid B is added to bacteria, it reduces their toxin production so only a fifth of the white blood cells die that would otherwise succumb to the staphylococci toxins," says Professor Hanne Ingmer.

It has required demanding laboratory work to analyze the compounds that can form the basis for antivirulence therapy in the future. Purification and identification of the Solonamid B used for the cell studies were undertaken in collaboration with DTU. Researchers at DTU extracted the compounds that researchers at University of Copenhagen subsequently tested biologically. Future experiments will show whether the antivirulence compounds also work in animals and human beings.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

DIODES Transistors ST Diodes Voltage Regulators Transistors Zener Diodes IR Diodes Kingbrigt LED SANYO IC TOSHIBA Diodes LITTELFUSE Diodes Diodes Inc Freescale Semiconductor AD IC Switching Diodes Schottky Diodes Capacitor chip Filter saws PANASONIC Resistors INFLNEON Diodes Transistors Xilinx IC ON Diodes Other Parts ST Transistors Discrete Semiconductor Transistors HARRIS IC TDK IC Cypress IC Infineon Technologies Transistors Diodes Vishay resistors Microchip IC Ligitek LED Civil IC FAIRCHILD diodes Dialight LED Electronic News About US Industrial IC Fleld Effect Transistors Thick Film Resistors
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8952.aspx

Surprising new class of 'hypervelocity stars' discovered escaping the galaxy

The discovery of this new set of "hypervelocity" stars was described at the annual meeting of the American Astronomical Society this week in Washington, D.C., and is published in the Jan. 1 issue of the Astrophysical Journal.

"These new hypervelocity stars are very different from the ones that have been discovered previously," said Vanderbilt University graduate student Lauren Palladino, lead author on the study. "The original hypervelocity stars are large blue stars and appear to have originated from the galactic center. Our new stars are relatively small -- about the size of the sun -- and the surprising part is that none of them appear to come from the galactic core."

The discovery came as Palladino, working under the supervision of Kelly Holley-Bockelmann, assistant professor of astronomy at Vanderbilt was mapping the Milky Way by calculating the orbits of Sun-like stars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a massive census of the stars and galaxies in a region covering nearly one quarter of the sky.

"It's very hard to kick a star out of the galaxy," said Holley-Bockelmann. "The most commonly accepted mechanism for doing so involves interacting with the supermassive black hole at the galactic core. That means when you trace the star back to its birthplace, it comes from the center of our galaxy. None of these hypervelocity stars come from the center, which implies that there is an unexpected new class of hypervelocity star, one with a different ejection mechanism."

Astrophysicists calculate that a star must get a million-plus mile-per-hour kick relative to the motion of the galaxy to reach escape velocity. They also estimate that the Milky Way's central black hole has a mass equivalent to four million suns, large enough to produce a gravitational force strong enough to accelerate stars to hyper velocities. The typical scenario involves a binary pair of stars that get caught in the black hole's grip. As one of the stars spirals in toward the black hole, its companion is flung outward at a tremendous velocity. So far, 18 giant blue hypervelocity stars have been found that could have been produced by such a mechanism.

Now Palladino and her colleagues have discovered an additional 20 sun-sized stars that they characterize as possible hypervelocity stars. "One caveat concerns the known errors in measuring stellar motions," she said. "To get the speed of a star, you have to measure the position really accurately over decades. If the position is measured badly a few times over that long time interval, it can seem to move a lot faster than it really does. We did several statistical tests to increase the accuracy of our estimates. So we think that, although some of our candidates may be flukes, the majority are real."

The astronomers are following up with additional observations. The new rogues appear to have the same composition as normal disk stars, so the astronomers do not think that their birthplace was in the galaxy's central bulge, the halo that surrounds it, or in some other exotic place outside the galaxy. "The big question is: what boosted these stars up to such extreme velocities? We are working on that now," said Holley-Bockelmann.

Katharine Schlesinger from the Australian National University, Carlos Allende Prieto from the Universidad de La Laguna in Spain, Timothy Beers from the National Optical Astronomy Observatory in Tucson, Young Sun Lee from New Mexico State University and Donald Schneider from Pennsylvania State University also contributed to the discovery.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

Analogue / Linear / Mixed Signal ICs MEMS resonator outperformed quartz in 2013

2014/01/09

MEMS resonator

In 2013, Silicon Labs revealed a quartz-beating MEMS resonator, the first fruit of technology from its 2010 acquisition of Sunnyvale-based Silicon Clocks, and a gem of semiconductor engineering.

“We are guaranteeing ±20ppm performance for 10 years from -40 to 85°C, Mike Petrowski, v-p timing products at Silicon Labs, told Electronics Weekly.

The resonator is a square of poly-SiGe topped with carefully-shaped SiO2, suspended by springs at its corners and a post in the middle, and built over processed CMOS.

“With this material, the process to deposit on top of CMOS is compatible with the thermal budget of the underlying CMOS. One fab does the whole thing,” said Petrowski.

“SiGe gets softer when hot, but SiO2 has a unique property: it gets hard when hot. We get passive temperature compensation; it is inherently an order of magnitude better stability so electronic temperature compensation can be simpler, smaller, and take less power,” said Petrowski.

The electronics is essentially a temperature-compensated VCO stabilised by the MEMS resonator. At the top of the new range is the Si504 which can generate any frequency between 32kHz and 100MHz, adjusted through a one pin serial interface.

“It is an analogue loop with a lot of resolution, the resolution is in parts-per-billion,” said Petrowski.

Below this are three other parts: Si501, 502 and 503, which have one, two, and four factory set independent output frequencies respectively, available on the single output pin. “Although there are some standard frequencies, oscillators is a business of mass-customisation,” said Petrowski.

“Multi-frequency operation is a big deal to our folks. Video, for example, has a bunch of different standards, so does audio.” Consumption is 1.7mA. “If you want to improve jitter a little bit, it can be as low as 1.1psrms, we can increase power a little bit,” said Petrowski, ”and we can customise drive strength to slow edges as well.”

Packages are three DFNs: 3.2x4mm (fits a 3.2x5mm footprint), 2.5×3.2, or 2×2.5, with any model available in any package.

Why did Silicon Labs go for MEMS rather than a compensated circuit resonator like eoSemi‘s?

“We thought our path with a physical resonator was much more deterministic and less risky than one with an electronic resonator,” said Petrowski. “With an electronic resonator, a lot of things would have to be figured out to get >100ppm, and ours is at 20ppm.”

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

NEC Transistors DIODES Transistors NS IC Fast Recovery Diodes Chip Inductors ELPIDA IC LITTELFUSE Diodes AVX Resistors Discrete Semiconductor Transistors INTERSIL IC Capacitor Atmel IC ST Transistors Digital Transistors Thin Film Resistors Rectifier Diodes Renesas parts IC High Precision Resistors LED part Thick Film Resistors Transistors Freescale MAXIM IC Electronic News PANASONIC Resistors YAGEO Resistors VISHAY IC Resistor Arrays components LED Vishay resistors ALTERA IC PANASONIC AGILENT LED INFLNEON Diodes Bipolar Transistors Low Ohmic Resistors IR transistor Industrial IC Freescale Semiconductor Military IC
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8937.aspx

2014年1月9日星期四

LED Lighting CES: NFC eases set-up in wireless home lighting control

2014/01/09

15jan14EnOcean 425 NXP and wireless light-switch firm EnOcean have demonstrated the use of near-field communication (NFC) to simplify the addition of control nodes to lighting.

“Using NFC technology, the EnOcean switch can be added to a home network by tapping an NFC-equipped mobile phone on the gateway to collect network parameters, and then using the phone to pass them on to the switch,” said NXP.

Designed by NXP, the gateway includes interfaces for: NFC, ZigBee (Light Link and Home Automation profiles), JenNet-IP, and Ethernet to connect to an existing home Wi-Fi router.

The system on show at CES in Las Vegas. “Completing the demo are wireless colour LEDs and tuneable white dimmable LED lamps, which can also be added to the network using NFC and then controlled via an Android phone,” said NXP.

EnOcean’s wireless light switches are also battery-less. Energy for transmission comes from a generator built into the switch rocker.

“We were able to develop a battery-less wireless switch module prototype for the first time operating a 2.4GHz radio and NFC powered by energy harvesting.,” said EnOcean chief operating officer Matthias Poppel.

In this case the switch uses an NXP JN5161 wireless microcontroller and implements the ZigBee Green Power profile. This series of microcontrollers was acquired by NXP when it bought Sheffield-based Jennic.

The reference design for the 802.15.4 to Ethernet bridge, which is based on the JN5168 wireless microcontroller, is available immediately.

The RGB and tunable white LEDs “use NXP’s patented sensorless sensing technology”, said NXP, first demonstrated at CES 2013.

There is a video of NXP and EnOcean’s NFC in action.

Welcome to SUV System Ltd!

SUV System Ltd is ISO 90012008 Certified electronics distributor with 10 years of experiences.

Electronic Components distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com

Connectors Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Connectors-1.html

IC Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/IC(Integrated-Circuits)-1.html

LED Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/LED-1.html

Capacitor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Capacitor-1.html

Transistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Transistors-1.html

Resistor Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Resistors-1.html

Diode Distributor:http://www.suvsystem.com/l/Diodes-1.html

we are focus on the following fields,and hope we can help you.

TOSHIBA Diodes Rectifier Diodes Civil IC NXP Diodes Infineon Technologies Transistors ELPIDA IC Fairchild Semiconductor Transistors Digital Transistors ALTERA IC MAXIM IC IDT IC About US NEC Transistors ON Diodes INTERSIL IC MOTOROLA IC Resistor Arrays IR Diodes Voltage Regulators Transistors Diodes Transistors Freescale Schottky Diodes Zener Diodes Atmel IC Thick Film Resistors Switching Diodes TOSHIBA Transistors Ligitek LED High Precision Resistors DIODES Transistors Microchip IC Dialight LED Texas Instruments(TI) IC VISHAY IC Chip Inductors LED part PANASONIC Resistors LINEAR IC Resistors IC(Integrated Circuits)
http://www.suvsystem.com/a/8934.aspx

订阅：博文 (Atom)